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The economy of building the temple: who and how pays for the spiritual ties

Экономика храмостроительства: кто и как платит за духовные скрепы

The conflict around the square in Yekaterinburg is just a touch to the scandals that mired the Russian Orthodox Church in the construction of new temples. Affect not only a record pace, but purely Bolshevik pressure which is imposed Orthodoxy and clogged the spiritual ties.

One temple of five nine –

Recall: in 2000 in the country there were 20 of thousands of new Orthodox parishes. This incredible growth is much confused, if we remember that the Church formally separated from the state, and even more embarrassed that this is happening against the background of the “optimization” of education and medicine, which was liquidated on 27 thousand schools and 11.5 thousand clinics and hospitals. That is, since 2000, one newly opened Church had a 1.5 closed social object!

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Where is the money for such an active temple construction? According to Church legend, the temple was built on donations of parishioners. Let me doubt. Real believers and regularly attending a Church congregation not so much, and for the most part it is the poor people, pensioners, citizens, exhausted by illness and worldly troubles. Their meager donations are not even enough to feed the priests. However, the number of priests multiplied at the same rate, which grow the “people’s churches”.

The answer to the question “how many churches need to cater to those and others?” is always subjective and depends on the personality in charge. From the point of view of the Archpriest Tkachev, for example, shall be a proportion of “1 Church 5 nine – “” That is mathematically the average donations 2000 residents enough to maintain a decent existence of the clergy of a small neighborhood. How much is the Church itself – its construction and decoration? Why is there no official data? What are secret, if the money for construction was given by ordinary people who have the right to know as mandated by the clergy of their donations? Deafness around this issue is the best proof that there is some kind of outline of Economics, which circulate unaccounted finances and invented crowd of supporters, ready for the temple to take off his shirt.

The village drowned

Actually, the examples people gave the last shirt to build a Church, though few in modern Russia, but they are. Only the motivation was different – not kormit the Holy retinue of the Patriarch, and to restore historical justice in his village. The correspondent of “New News” was an eyewitness, as was the case in the Ulyanovsk region.

The ancient village of Arkhangelsk (it is repeatedly mentioned in the novel Goncharov’s “Oblomov) was considered forever lost for fans of the writer and his countrymen: in 50-e years of the last century, when building of the Kuibyshev reservoir, it went under water. 600 people moved to a new location, a mile from the old and left the village of the same name. The “blessed corner” (the so-called Arkhangelsk Goncharov) on the eve of the flooding are still preserved the ruins of the theatre of the SEVENTEENTH century and manor houses., on the Central square of the village surrounded by the old Park was the Foundation of the pension for the children of the nobility, where he studied under Ivan Goncharov. New people went beggar, taking with them only what you can carry on hand. Lucky for those who had log houses, too, by the way, from the nineteenth century. Logs unrolled and moved into a new Arkhangelsk, close to each other — it has a protected street. Eight houses have been preserved until now.

Michael the Archangel Church, built on the people’s money in the eighteenth century ( it is also not often mentioned Goncharov in the novel) could not be saved. On memoirs of old residents, the Church perished painfully, drama unfolded in front of everyone: “Water has already closed, and the temple feels like someone pushing from below. The bell tower with a wire rope pulled off, it fell even before the flooding. Domes, crosses three days held…ten Years later in the place water funnel went”. The school teachers and the first among them ethnographer Tatiana Mikhailova, together with the guys restored the Arkhangelsk history since it was founded in the TWELFTH century, “goncharovsky” places calculated on the novel. “Children understand how important it is to preserve the old spirit, all in a hurry to photograph, record and remember,” – said Mikhailov.

Nine years ago, in the heat, Volga gave diligent Arkhangelsk kids gift. She retreated three kilometres, almost completely exposing the old village. The whole school went in the expedition to collect trophies. Found lots of from penny 1812 edition to the joinery machine in the mid NINETEENTH century, and in working condition — could goncharovsky countrymen to make a tool to last. Tongs, iron pots, forks, utensils considered for trucks, to the school of the Museum reached about twenty. But the temple — not found, as if he had left the Volga, breaking off archangelica ancestry.

— As something bad for you, — told the then Chairman of the village Council Valentina Baklushina. — Gathered the whole village, sitting black clouds. And suddenly dawned — it is necessary to build a new Church. She was all the life around her was spinning, people were United, and we as byriuky restless. The name came from — the Nativity of the blessed virgin. Two years have built on their funds and, old to say, on Saturdays. We did not have any sponsors, all by yourself – the bricks were done, the solution is kneaded. The rule is: you walk past, stop, dig with a shovel, no matter how busy, a wheelbarrow with debris take. Retirement came, or where someone has podkaminer – bring what you can. Everything was recorded, each rouble on the account – who for what and how much to pay. The dome is the most expensive cost under a million, had to order, even a tinsmith in the village has helped. The circle left two million rubles for all. Themselves wondered: where in the village the money? Had a good life… But as it built up, all of us in the mountain went. Full order with housing, school, business and even prices: acres of land has grown to one hundred thousand rubles.

Prayer in honor of turning her father from Ulyanovsk. Surprised: “Two million for a Church? It’s a miracle! A simple chapel for 50 people is worth ten”.

How much is it to atone for sin?

The average price of a single Church until recently it was possible to learn only by reservations and progovorka priests. The official cost (in more or less real approximation) began to appear after 2010, when the PEF has started the program “200 temples and ROC Policia from stochnyh authorities 143 of the land plot under construction”. Pokopavshis on Church websites, you can see that: large Church for 500 parishioners is 250 to 500 million rubles. The small Church of 250 members 90 million minimum price wooden chapel – 9.9 million. total average cost of the object is obtained 150,64 million. On the backs of the parishioners – even if they’re day and night mixing the mortar and hauling wheelbarrows of debris – a construction will not pull. No they are not asking you to do this, all have been on stream, including Finance. According to analysts, every year in Russia “hramostroitelstva” allocated 150 billion rubles. Where do they come from? To explain took a well-known Moscow businessman Sergei Vasiliev on his Facebook page:

“…Understand, what does this figure? Oddly enough, this rapid Church building is not the apartment to the Church universal of the Russian people. And not even the ambitions of the Russian Orthodox Church and personally to Kirill in the accelerated spreading of the Orthodox faith in Russia. This figure indicates the amount of… wealthy businessmen and successful companies in Russia.

After all, who builds these temples, or rather whose money are they built? If we ignore isolated cases of recovery of large churches ( such as the complex on Solovki or Troitse-Sergeeva Lavra), when a Federal budget and revive the outstanding monuments of culture, the bulk of the temples (90-95%) being built and restored by private money and donations. Actually, the construction of a new Church today begins with a particular person or company that would like to build a temple and give money for that.

Then this rush he also negotiates with the local diocese, what would she gave the nod. Often, the ROC asks this man, that he not only built the temple, but originally took up the maintenance of the parish priests. So as usual the arrival in the first time itself does not pay from the current activity (sales of Souvenirs or required).

In General , a key element in the construction of a new Church, this is rich … the man who decided to invest money in it. When we hear about Yekaterinburg dispute “square or temple”, here faced is not the Church and the men who love gardens. Ran into the desire of a particular person, Kozitsyn (host UMMC), to build in his native city temple and visitors who want to walk around a favorite Park.

3 new Church a day. A lot or a little? A year of 365 days, so this year will be built about 1100 churches.This means that in Russia for a year there were about 1000 people or entities who have decided to donate their money to this business. And not small money, the temple is not a cheap undertaking.

This is a positive sign! It’s not even that the rich people decided to build temples. It is important that such people exist and they want to build something here, in Russia. Today they will build the temple, and tomorrow, God willing, will take up something else.”

With all due respect to the spiritual impulses of the rich people, their intercessor Vasilyev got pretty for the “stunning view from another angle”

The heavens heard

Well, let’s say, Vasiliev rights, and rich people, relegating the soul of the Church, will take up something else. In short, you will find where to put the extra 150 billion that they are “God willing”. And God which takes? Let’s see. Crimean bridge – 227, 92 billion. The cosmodrome “East”: first -120 billion, 180млрд. in the maximum configuration. Reactor bn-800, the star of the website “Made us”, the development of the nuclear program, one of the few things done, which in some measure justifies the existence of the current Russian government – 145,65 billion. All of these objects painfully built over the years, pulling cores from the budget. For all that, the heads of the above – mentioned corporate leaders in donations to the Church. According to media reports, on the Crimean bridge the whole diocese, Roscosmos generously patronized monasteries and, as they say,contains the state’s own priests, the personnel of the Bank are mad Moscow Church building.

Nothing surprising: the indissoluble Union of the Church and progress of the bonded budget money and consecrated by Patriarch Kirill. “The dynamic life than the more rapidly evolving scientific and technological achievements, the greater role in the lives of people are playing machines, slot machines and other soulless system, the more important for a person to strengthen his spirit, to never become a slave of external circumstances, preserve God-given freedom, with this freedom and genuine human dimension of his life. May the Lord bless the builders, benefactors, all those who work for the creation of God” — the speech of the Patriarch on the Foundation of the Church of the burning Bush in Moscow in may 2015 broadcast all the TV channels of the country along with the press conferences of President Putin.

Funds for the construction of the “Burning Bush” – 270 million rubles was allocated by the company “Transneft”.

Say that the head of the company Mr. Tokarev particular spirituality suffered, until February 2009 did not hit at the historic meeting of Patriarch Kirill with the then mayor of Moscow Yuri Luzhkov. The meeting discussed the acute shortage of churches in the capital. At that time the total number of churches and chapels in the diocese of the city was 837. The Patriarch insisted that the Muscovites need at least 591 the temple. Attending the meeting, the business elite, the memories Luzhkov, “protested that such an amount they cannot afford. Fiercely bargain, the people of Moscow have estimated 200 new churches. As such, the program went life.”

A few months after the conversation between the Patriarch and the mayor had prepared a decree of the Moscow government regulating the allocation of plots for construction. Signed him for his boss, has already dismissed the head of the Moscow construction complex Vladimir resin. Objections from nastupivshego for the post of Sergei Sobyanin was not, moreover, to steer the construction of churches instructed the resin,and it is doing well so far, although no longer a official seem, is not Orthodox. However, the old communication and the ability to distribute the cakes to the right people has not gone anywhere, so the Church building industry is blooming and smells and has long gone beyond the limits of the Moscow program “200 temples”.

To collect private donations to build temples financial management (FCS) of the Russian Orthodox Church established a special Fund. Chairman of the Board — Archbishop mark. Co — Patriarch Kirill and Moscow mayor Sergei Sobyanin, members of the Board Herman Gref (Sberbank), Vladimir Potanin (“Interros”), Alexey Miller (“Gazprom”). The annual budget for the construction of churches in Moscow, Vladimir resin estimated at RUB 1 billion Open data – who and how many are listed – not even the tax inspection does not know, who is eligible for benefits “for charity”. According to RBC, who managed to get acquainted with documents of the Fund for 2014, 97% of these revenues have provided a legal entity. At that time in first place on the bounty was a charity Fund of revival Staritsky piously-the Uspensky monastery, donated to build temples 165,7 million rbl. On first glance, “broken not broken luck”, but it’s not, if you know that the President of the monastic Council is Viktor Khristenko, Minister of industry and trade of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Board of the Eurasian economic Commission. Among the founders, the wife of Viktor Khristenko, Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova,as well as longtime associate of the former Minister, retaining key positions in the automobile Industry, defense industry and banks.

In principle, the largest supporter of the Foundation — the heads of all leading Russian companies, we can safely point a finger at anyone and not to miss. This is similar to mania, but not to give to the Church anyway, that to give way to the competitor, running with money, pushing each other. According to the memoirs of Vladimir resin, Vladimir Potanin personally appealed to the Patriarch “to bless to Finance the construction of temples”. The blessing was obtained, and the resin was recommended Potanin two addresses under construction -Lobachevsky street and at the intersection Novocheremushkinskaya Garibaldi). Potanin quickly transferred to Holy cause as much as 600 million rubles. the Most interesting thing: in heaven, this, too, had heard and, in the words of Archbishop Mark, “rewarded benefactor” soon Potanin took first place in the Forbes list, increased his fortune to $15.4 billion.

One of the most generous donors of the program “200 temples” — the businessman Mikhail Abramov. The founder and patron of the Museum of Russian icons, Abramov, according to him, donated for the construction of two churches of about $ 700 million. He is sure for a person that cares how to develop our country, participation in the program “200 temples” is a great honor and luck. Repeatedly publicly mourned that “a huge amount of business, instead of giving money to temples, leaving the country in some cozy place in Europe.” Abramov himself sympathetic to the current government, actively supporting the Russian Orthodox Church. He seems to reciprocate – the owner of Plaza Development given the industrial zones of Moscow for the construction of business centers.

Converters fields

Half of the budget of the Fund for the support of churches, donors list anonymous, strictly preserving their “names, passwords, turnout”, so what they pay for Holiness, to find out difficult. But it is possible in General to evaluate the success of the transducers in the Orthodox field.

On the decline of the Soviet regime, in 1988, the Russian Orthodox Church had 76 74 dioceses and bishops, 6 893 temple (note that it’s only 12% of the pre-revolutionary number) 6 674 723 of the priest and deacon, 2 monasteries, 2 theological academies and 3 seminaries. Today we have 293 and 354 of the diocese of the Bishop of the temples 40 000, 36 000 5 0004 priests and deacons, of the monastery 944 (462 men, 482 women), 5 theological academies, 3 Orthodox University theological Institute 2, 38 theological seminaries, 39 religious schools.

In a sense it is really a breakthrough…

– Tell me where? – shared with “OR” former Director of the Center “the metochion” Svetlana lyubyts’ke. Until the mid-80s in the USSR there were only two active men’s and no women’s monastery, so from the beginning of the 90s, the Patriarchate began the restoration of precisely the mansion.This occurred against the background of the collapse of agriculture in the country and the massive impoverishment of the peasantry. ROC made a strong move that revived monasteries will become a center where will creation. In the past the monastic economy really was perfect and exemplary. Before the revolution they took about 900 000 hectares of land and gave almost 20% of agricultural products produced in the country. So the challenge is to rebuild the monasteries and to run the economic activities, the government took a very sympathetic: hundreds of thousands of hectares of land were handed over to the Church free of charge. Conceived it: the hard-working peasants under new management and with a prayer, feed the country and raise the monasteries from the ruins. From the state the transfer of land and Church buildings have engaged in property management. For the last five years the Church has received about 300 objects in half of the regions of the country. Thus of the two possible forms — property and uncompensated use, the choice of the Russian Orthodox Church is always in favor of the latter — in this case, the state allocates money for the maintenance of churches.

How many people live in monasteries, it is unclear: such statistics do not exist. It is known that women’s monasteries usually larger than the male. In the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, according to official figures, about two hundred monks; it is a lot. According to liubyts’ke for twenty years, the movement of the villagers in the side of monastic farmsteads did not happen. In the best case, the villagers are asked to engage in their temples, but hearing excuses: in the villages, very few believers, “unpromising parish.” Meanwhile, the reconstruction of monasteries requires huge funds. Find them. A monastery, especially of historical and cultural value of the restored at the expense of sponsors and live well, earn money from pilgrims, the sale of Souvenirs and bakery products from flour purchased on the basis of wholesale. His own farm if there is, only on their own needs and for feeding stray workers who have nowhere to go after the colony. Lives, for example, the Optina Hermitage in Kozelsk, Serafimo-Diveevsky monastery in Diveevo, Pskov-caves monastery.

– There are many problems, different monasteries, says liubyts’ke – there are distant monastery, where monks 5-6 languish and gather support through social networks. It says only one thing: seeking to expand its influence, the ROC is overestimated and the number of true believers in Russia and the material capabilities of a pitcher into a mug. What has been the Orthodox Empire is to form a class “for the faith” living solely on donations. Earn they do not want and will not. I realized this after one event. Foreign businessman John kopiski, who converted to Russian Orthodoxy and remained here to live, decided to help the convent to give the farm for 10 breeding cows. The abbess thought for a couple of days, said that the money will be taken and the cows – no, not necessary. A lot of trouble, and her nuns, there are more noble activities: tour drive to be on duty in the temple, candles twist, or travel agencies, earning the welfare. Kopiski had to leave the cows to themselves.

Well, temples and monasteries are springing up like mushrooms…

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