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The craziest studies in the history of psychology. Photo

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. ФотоScientists like to conduct questionable experiments.

Over the past 100 years people have learned a lot of new and strange about the human mind and all because of various psychological studies.

Some studies were quite interesting, others are so cruel that they found illegal and inhumane.

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Here are the most interesting and insane study of human psychology:

Socio-psychological research
10. A theory of fun (The Fun Theory)

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

In 2009, Volkswagen decided to launch in one of the subway stations in Stockholm, a project called The Fun Theory (Theory of fun). The idea was brilliant and at the same time incredibly simple. Theory of fun says: that man liked to do something, you need to make it something pleased and surprised him.

In this case the company made from the usual stairs in the subway, the piano, and the purpose was to see how many people will want to be let down over music the steps, and how many on the escalator. The number of people who have decided to go down the stairs increased by 66%. Amazing – people decided to choose a more healthy option because they were fun.

9. The marshmallow experiment (The Marshmallow Experiment)

This experiment consisted of a series of studies investigating delayed gratification conducted in the late 60’s and early 70-ies. Psychologist Walter Michel tried to understand whether the value of awards to its success in the future.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

In these studies, the psychologist offered the children a choice: either take a small reward (one marshmallow or one cookie) or a little patience (about 15 minutes) and doubling your reward, that is to 2 marshmallows or 2 cookies.

A third of children who participated in the study, decided to wait to get more sweets. Subsequent experiments showed that most of the children who were waiting to get more candy, life was fine.

8. Experiment “a Missing child”.

Very often people do not pay enough attention to their surroundings. This theory was proved in the experiment with the “missing child”.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

The researchers printed a notice about a missing child with a photograph and required information and hung it on the door of the store. Some passers-by did not even pay attention to the ad and those who saw it and studied, did not notice the “missing” boy from the ads, who was standing right next to the store.

This experiment was also repeated by other researchers and ordinary people in different cities. Here’s one such example:

7. Split class (A Class Divided)

In 1968, the teacher of the 3rd class Jane Elliot has come up with an exercise that clearly showed white children the effects of racism. She divided the class into kids with brown and blue eyes.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

On the first day the children with blue eyes were considered better, and it gave them more freedom and privileges than children with brown eyes. Both groups were forbidden to communicate with each other.

The results were not long in coming. Blue-eyed students became better able to cope in the classroom and thus mocked brown-eyed. The children with brown eyes decreased self-esteem, and they become worse to cope with the tasks.

The next day the brown-eyed had more privileges and results are also not long in coming. In the end, the children realized that you should not judge a person by his appearance, and at the end of class everyone hugged.

6. The Experiments Asch (Asch Conformity Experiment)

The experiments Asch presented a series of studies conducted in the 1950-ies, the aim of which was to show how people are subject in groups (to show the power of conformity in groups).

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

One of the participants were put in a room with the actors. In the room hung a picture of three strips of different lengths. Participant was asked to indicate the longest line, and the actors one and all, deliberately chose the wrong answer. The aim was to find out whether the party is amenable to General opinion. The majority of participants agreed with the wrong answer, the specified actors.

5. Monstrous experiment (Monster Study)

This study was given such a name because of their unethical (if not monstrous) relationship to people. In 1939, Wendell Johnson with his team selected 22 orphans. Some children were completely healthy, while others suffered from stuttering.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

Children with stuttering praised and applauded them when they did not stutter, but the healthy children were humiliated and criticized. In the experiment, the children are criticized, there were problems associated with speech, which remained throughout their adult life.

This experiment, though very cruel, showed why children need to be encouraged and motivated at an early age.
A psychological study of personality
4. Halo effect

In psychology, the halo Effect represents the idea that the General opinion of people about the person consists of just one its properties or features.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

To test this idea, one man decided to post two different videos on the Dating site where he spoke the same text. In the first video he was incredibly confident, and the second was more melancholic.

Each video was given to see a group of girls in different rooms. Girls who watched the first video (a certain man) said that the man they liked, but in the second room the girls man is not liked.

This experiment is shows the halo Effect, as only one trait can affect the General opinion about the person.

3. Cognitive dissonance

Every person experiences cognitive dissonance. First, who decided to study this phenomenon, was Jack Brehm (Brehm Jack), a student of the Department of psychology of the University of Minnesota.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

In 1956, he brought 8 of their wedding gifts type of toaster, radio, and Hairdryer in the class and asked each student to rate each item based on how much they need it.

Then he asked each student to choose between two items they considered equally necessary and take home one of them. Later, students were again asked to rate each item. The result was that the students were more praised previously selected item and less of what they first rejected.

This experiment shows how people try to convince themselves that they made the right choice.

2. Change blindness.

If you are near something suddenly changed, of course, you immediately notice it, isn’t it? In fact it is not always the case. When the brain receives too much information, he is not able to handle it all.

Take a look at this image

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

And now look at this image. What has changed? Were you able to identify?

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

“Change blindness.” is a term that describes the difficulties of a person with attention to significant changes. Simply put, people do not pay attention to obvious change. Every day we experience this blindness.

In one experiment it was decided to test change blindness. with the help of facial recognition. the research participant was approached by a man and given a blank to fill, and then the man bent under the table to supposedly to pick something up, and went up a completely different person in different clothes.75% of study participants found no changes.

Test yourself (for this video do not necessarily know English):

1. Global Harvard study (Harvard Grant Study)

This study lasted for 75 years and took part 268 men, students at Harvard University. During the experiment recorded data on various aspects of life in each of them.

Самые безумные исследования в истории психологии. Фото

This exciting and unique study showed that the love coming from her warmth and happiness, in fact, associated with human satisfaction with life, which we cannot obtain from other sources in our lives.

The results of the study also showed that for complete happiness a person needs not only love, but also the opportunity to live in a way that it didn’t affect the love.

© 2017, paradox. All rights reserved.

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