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Scientists explain the unusually low temperatures of Pluto

Ученые объяснили аномально низкие температуры ПлутонаAccording to astrophysicists, additional cooling creates a unique “sweating” the atmosphere of the dwarf planet.

In 2015, the New Horizons probe was the first device which investigated the system of Pluto and its satellites. One of them discovered strange was the temperature of the dwarf planet. Ground measurements pointed to -173 °C, but the instruments aboard New Horizons has demonstrated -201 °C. In this case, Pluto’s orbit is an average of 5.9 bn km from the Sun, 40 times farther than Earth, gravity is able to create the molten core or to keep an atmosphere is not enough.

Astrophysicist, University of California, Santa Cruz si csen and his colleagues believe that all the matter in the light of “misty shell”, hung above the surface of the dwarf planet. In an article published by the journal Nature, scientists suggest that under the action of UV rays coming from the Sun, the rarefied gases of Pluto’s atmosphere (mainly methane and nitrogen) react with the formation of less volatile compounds. Their lines are abundantly found on-Board spectrometers of the same probe New Horizons is such substances as tolin, giving the ice a reddish-brown color.

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The exact composition of such “fog particles” yet to be determined, but apparently they are formed in the upper atmosphere, congenerous in drops and gradually reduced. They efficiently absorb even the weak radiation of the Sun that reaches the orbit of Pluto, and dissipate it into space, thereby further cooling the surface of the dwarf planet. Such a feature scientists call the unique.

Assessment Cesana and his co-authors, in the heat of Pluto’s atmosphere is the effect of these “fog particles” should be dominant up to an altitude of 700 km. Acting about the same as sweat, carrying heat from the surface of our skin, unusual Pluto’s atmosphere causes it to cool even more of what you would expect from such a distant icy body.

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