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Scientists explain the phenomenon of déjà vu

Ученые объяснили феномен дежавюEach of us though time in life had a sudden and strange sensation.

We know for sure that’s what is now happening for the first time, but suddenly realize that one day it happened: I already had seen this man, heard the same words and the same incident light. If the present meets the past.

The phenomenon is called déjà vu, from French “already seen”.

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So, the great Swiss psychologist and philosopher Carl Gustav Jung this feeling first visited in 12 years. And since he was convinced that living a parallel life, and partly is in the XVIII century.

Cases of deja vu was described by Jack London, Conan Doyle, Clifford D. Simak in his book “Reserve of goblins”. In the popular American film “Groundhog Day” the main character every time, waking up, falls on the same day. He is surprised to find that nothing has changed either in the room or the scenery outside the window. And whatever way he tried to change the situation, this day is repeated again and again.

Some manifestations of the phenomenon are so paradoxical that generally led to believe in the transmigration of souls.

For example, when Madonna first saw the Imperial Palace in Beijing, she had a feeling that she knows every nook and cranny. It gave her a reason to say that in a past life she was a servant of the last Manchu Emperor.

First came to Egypt, Tina Turner suddenly she saw the familiar landscapes and objects. And suddenly “remembered” that during the times of the pharaohs was a friend of the famous Queen Hatshepsut, or even the Queen. And “007” Sean Connery recently finally came to the conclusion that there was a healer in a militant tribe of African natives.

But we know that not a single moment of history not experienced twice.

Where still undertake such a strange memories of the past and the future?
Map of new places

Experts from the Massachusetts technological University 8 years ago said that he had solved the mystery of deja vu.

– We found the area of the brain responsible for the formation of this mysterious feeling – assured then the head of the group, biologist, Suzumi Tonegawa, Nobel laureate of 1987. – Our experiments showed that the main role of neurons in memory center of the brain – the hippocampus. Specifically – its dentate gyrus, which allows you to quickly – almost instantly – to recognize the smallest differences in similar images.

Thanks to the work of this section a person realizes what impressions reminiscent of those that he had seen, and what is fundamentally new. The hippocampus as if divides the human experience into past and present. But when two experiences are too similar in the work of the hippocampus fails. Which leads to deja vu.

The researchers believed that a set of neurons, called them “place cells”, generates a kind of “snapshot” of the project of any new space in which we find ourselves. Because we unconsciously begin to imagine, using the previously accumulated information. And when we see this place is reality, then trying to compare the virtual image with a real. And if this process for some reason fails, for example, in a stressful situation or from fatigue, the brain begins to consider first modeled picture or situation is real and generates “false” memories for true. And then it seems to us that we were in this place, though it we are in for the first time.

Is it really so? You never know…
An unfortunate mistake

Other scientists believe that deja vu is most likely an error that occurs because of the similarity of situations. Man, watching circumstances really have similarities with the already past, confuses scenes – they merge it into one event. That is the basis of the phenomenon is only the ability of the human brain to associative thinking. Often the effect occurs only when a minor detail, having a distant relationship with the last man. So, for example, a person might seem that he already met the passer-by if he saw him wearing the jacket that he once wore in his youth.

In favor of “associative” version of this phenomenon is reflected in the experience carried out at the time, psychologists at the University of Leeds. They managed to find a way to artificially cause a person a feeling of deja vu. Volunteers showed on the screen a list of 24 words. Then hypnotized. In a state of trance the experiment participants were told that when they see words in red, these words will be familiar to them, although they will not know where and when to see them.

Awaking test subjects were shown old and new words in different colors. Of the eighteen subjects ten persons had the feeling that the words in the red part they’ve already seen somewhere, even if it was a completely new words.

However, the physiological cause of the phenomenon is still not clear: just noticed that deja vu appears on the background of fatigue and frequent stress. It is also known that this phenomenon is most concerned about 17-year-olds who have already gained a minimum Luggage of impressions and very sensitive to various life situations. And the second and last wave of deja vu occurs for some reason in 35-40 years. And are especially vulnerable to this feeling melancholic with a keen sense of life, a very nervous and sensitive.

The opinions of other experts, previously proposed in publications

Leading researcher of the Institute of higher humanitarian research, Russian state humanitarian University, candidate of philosophical Sciences Leonid Karasev:

– My explanation of this phenomenon is closest to the holographic hypothesis. The principle of holography means that each point on the image contains enough information to recreate the whole picture regardless of what angle falls view. It is built and this amazing phenomenon. In a coded form in the brain is stored all information that we face in life. But all we have seen and heard, hidden so deeply that to pull them the normal way is almost impossible. To pop up this information is because only a small part. Some smell, sound, lighting, a fleeting encounter with some passers-by can create in you the illusion that in such a situation, you already were 5-10 years ago. Although a detailed analysis shows that is very much not the same.

Director of the Center for mental health of Russian Academy of medical science Alexander Tiganov:

– The phenomenon of deja vu is closest to paramnesia, that is, to certain distortions of memory from the field of psychopathological disorders. It can occur in people of healthy. Nevertheless, each person with such phenomena must be carefully studied in order to ensure that he does not have lesions in the brain. This unusual effect in some cases can develop into the amnesia, when the past completely disappears from consciousness. Or, conversely, to give impetus for the emergence of fantasies delusions, hallucinations or obsession.

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