Emergency aid for nosebleed.
Why bleeding from the nose in adults and in children? The reasons may be different. So, in children nosebleeds are usually associated with structural features of nose, and adults with injuries or diseases, including high blood pressure and increased fragility of the blood vessels.
Why bleed from the nose
Nosebleeds in children most often flowing with injuries of this area. In children such as bleeding are more common due to the very delicate mucous membrane and anatomical features of the structure of the blood vessels of the nose. In the lower part of the nasal septum in children has many blood vessels, so even minor trauma to the nose triggers a nosebleed.
When children are constantly picking their fingers in the nose and hurt has not yet healed vessels, nosebleeds are becoming commonplace. If the child is bleeding from the nose at night, you should check, not too dry air in the room. With increased dryness in the nose are formed crusts, which injure nasal mucosa, causing bleeding.
Nosebleeds in adults can occur during sports injuries, high blood pressure, increased fragility of the blood vessel wall (e.g. atherosclerosis or a deficiency of ascorbic acid). High bleeding (including nosebleeds) can occur in some diseases the blood, digestive system, hormonal disorders, poisoning, severe infections, fatigue, stress, prolonged exposure to the sun.
Finally, the cause of nasal bleeding may be long flowing runny nose, adenoids, a deviated nasal septum, a strong blowing your nose and sneezing. If bleeding from the nose frequently, you should consult a doctor and find out the cause of this phenomenon.
The blood flow from the nose
In most cases bleeding from the nose starts to go suddenly. Everything is clear if this was due to the injury of the nose or head, but quite often nosebleeds occur for no apparent reason, even during sleep. In adults before the development of epistaxis often appear headache, dizziness, heaviness in the head, noise in the ears, discomfort in the nose and so on.
Often bleeding from one half of the nose, flowing through the nose in the other half. From the nose usually flows clean, bright red, non-foaming blood. Sometimes develop hidden epistaxis, when the blood runs down the back of the throat into the esophagus and the stomach and simulating, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract (patients may appear black tarry stools).
For very severe nose bleeding may occur a sharp decrease in blood pressure and cardiac arrest – a condition called collapse. But most nasal bleeding is light or moderate and terminated independently.
Prolonged nasal bleeding can lose much blood, which leads to the development of General weakness and iron deficiency anemia.
After traumatic brain injury sometimes appear strong, sudden, repeated at intervals of 2-3 weeks nosebleeds with massive, life threatening blood loss.
Emergency aid for nosebleed
Epistaxis even slight, always requires emergency care. Here’s how it render:
if epistaxis is not too strong, then it can be stopped, pressing a finger on the wing of the nose; throw back your head is not worth the blood will drain at the back of the throat and the bleeding would go unnoticed;
the bleeding can be stopped, if introduced into the nasal cavity a small cotton swab (it can be dry or moistened with 3% hydrogen peroxide); after that you need to press the wing of the nose with your finger;
on the nose and on the back of the head apply cold (whichever you are); keep cold for 3-4 minutes with the same intervals in the hour;
when slight nasal bleeding stops, the bleeding area of the nasal mucosa prizhivaetsya various drugs (silver nitrate, chromic acid, and so on.) or instrumental way (the laser, by electrocoagulation);
with a strong nasal bleeding hold the front tamponade of the nasal cavity with gauze turundae impregnated with drug solutions; and remove turundy 1-5 days, soaking them daily medicinal solutions;
if this way to stop a nosebleed fails is the rear tamponade of the nasal cavity, which are pressed against the larger blood vessels;
finally, you can resort to surgery: complete or partial resection of the nasal septum.
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