A new contest will be held in an unusual format.
We know a lot about space, but since in the Universe everything is relative, then it is safe to say that about space, we know practically nothing. And not necessarily that it’s bad, because each new discovery still continues to be delights in us and takes us at least until the next big discovery. Today let’s talk about the top ten most interesting space phenomena, opened recently.
Artificial “space shield” of the Earth
10 of the most interesting cosmic phenomena that were recently discovered
The researchers of the space Agency NASA recently found that global use of the transmission of radio signals leads to surprising and very practical consequence – the creation of around the Earth “bubble” of ultra-low frequencies that protect us from certain types of cosmic radiation.
Our planet is the so-called natural van Allen belt, a region where they can accumulate and hold penetrated into the magnetosphere high-energy charged particles of solar radiation. However, scientists noted that accumulated on the Ground the electromagnetic force formed a sort of low-frequency barrier, reflecting some high-energy cosmic particles, on a daily basis trying to bombard the Earth.
The basis for this barrier serve as remnants of electromagnetic space debris, remaining from the time of nuclear testing during the atomic era. In addition, the Earth (or rather we) last more than 100 years is also actively emit radio waves into space. Well, complete the picture of our many power systems around the world and emitting radio waves of a certain range.
Galaxy dual galaxy ring
10 of the most interesting cosmic phenomena that were recently discovered
Galaxy PGC 1000714 is perhaps the most unique ever discovered. It belongs to the so-called Hogosha type and has surrounding it a ring like the planet Saturn, only, of course, on a galactic scale.
Among all known galaxies are only 0.1 percent have rings. Unique same PGC 1000714 does the fact that she’s one of a kind has not one, but two galactic rings.
Rings surround the core of the galaxy, whose age, according to researchers, is 5.5 billion years. It is replete with aging stars, whose light goes to red range of the spectrum. Around the main ring has a much younger external age of 0.13 billion years. Fill it with more hot young blue stars.
When scientists conducted an observation of a galaxy in different bands of the spectrum, we found something quite unexpected imprint of the second, inner ring, is located closer to the galactic core, comparable in age and is not associated with the external ring. Given the fact that the vast majority of galaxies belong to the class of elliptical and spiral galaxies, PGC 1000714 may for a long time to preserve its uniqueness.
Planet hot stars
10 of the most interesting cosmic phenomena that were recently discovered
The hottest among the detected exoplanets was even hotter than the majority of stars. The temperature of Kelt-9b is 3777 degrees Celsius, and this is only her dark side! On the same side facing its star, the temperature rises to about 4327 degrees Celsius. She’s almost as hot as the surface of the Sun!
Exoplanet Kelt-9b orbits the star Kelt-9 relating to the type-A stars, and is located approximately 650 light years away in the constellation Cygnus. Type-A stars is considered by scientists as one of the hottest, but the age of the Kelt-9 is still only some 300 million years. Over time, the star will expand and in the end will actually come in contact with the planet Kelt-9b.
By the time the planet are likely to remain no more than a bare solid core, because the radiation from the star every second burns about 10 million tons of matter on the planet, what makes Kelt-9b to throw a giant tail like comets.
Quiet supernovae
10 of the most interesting cosmic phenomena that were recently discovered
It is not necessary to have a spatial-distorting supernovae or the collision of two extremely dense objects like neutron stars to a black hole, because it turns out that the stars themselves may turn into black holes.
Scientists have long suspected that this is possible. At least our computer models, we clearly asserted. But in practice, this phenomenon apparently has been observed for the first time. Using the Large binocular telescope, scientists were able to identify thousands of potentially “failed supernova”. And among all was discovered really very interesting.
The star, dubbed N6946-BH1, had sufficient mass (about 25 times larger than the Sun) for the manifestation of this phenomenon. The above images show how, according to scientists, this has to happen: first, the brightness of the stars is negligible (in comparison with other supernovae) increases and then becomes total darkness.
A celestial bodies produce their own magnetic field, but among the biggest ever discovered belongs to the gravitationally bound clusters of galaxies.
Some of the discovered clusters, it may take about 10 million light years. Given the size of our milky Way, which constitute a measly 100 000 light-years, the numbers cannot fail to impress.
Within clusters contains an enormous amount of charged particles, gas clouds, stars and dark matter. And their chaotic interaction with each other can create such a giant magnetic field. When galaxies get much closer and eventually collide with each other, contained therein is heated by the friction of the gas is highly compressed, creating and firing the so-called “relics” of an arcuate shape, whose length can reach 6 million light-years that is potentially larger than the size of the clusters that gave rise to them.
The early universe is full of mysteries. And one of these mysteries are, for example, strange galaxy, that all the laws should not have existed long enough to recruit a sufficient level of observability.
These galaxies already consisted of hundreds of billions of stars (according to current cosmological standards quite an impressive figure), when the Universe was only 1.5 billion years or so. Looking “into the past” even further, astronomers have discovered a new type of hyperactive galaxies that have grown fastest in the early galactic giants.
When the Universe was about 1 billion years, these protogalaxies already contained a huge number of stars, generating them up to 100 times faster than our milky Way. The researchers also found that even in early and pretty empty Universe existed galaxies which are merging, creating the first cluster.
X-ray space Observatory Chandra saw something very strange, when I did study light from the early Universe. The telescope has witnessed the powerful emission of x-ray radiation, whose source is about 10.7 billion light years. Suddenly for a moment the brightness was 1,000 times higher, and then completely disappeared for about a day.
Astronomers had previously detected a strange x-ray bursts, but especially noteworthy is this case was because the power of this x-ray was 100,000 times more than similar outbursts in the past.
Perhaps we are talking about a giant supernova, the collision of neutron stars or over-activity of the white dwarfs. However, the data do not point to any of these phenomena. Galaxy which this release is much less in size and are farther apart than in the case of similar phenomena noted in the past, so scientists hope that it is “about a completely new type of cosmic cataclysmic event”, and really want to understand it.
We can easily imagine how a black hole can absorb any “gaping” space body, rashly approached her, but there is an object that by some miraculous circumstance able to get insanely close to the black hole, and, as they say, for him it nothing happens.
Discovered white dwarf X9 is the closest object-moving around the black hole. You just think: X9 is from the black hole at a distance not exceeding three times the distance from Earth to the moon. Based on this, the orbital period of the white dwarf is only 28 minutes! Every 28 minutes, he makes a complete revolution around the giant gap in time and space of the Universe. Even when ordering pizza you at best have to wait an hour.
Two “old friends” are about 15 000 light-years away in the globular star cluster 47 Tucanae, which is part of a star cluster Tucanae. Astronomers say that before X9, most likely, was a large red star, but later came under the influence of a black hole that sucked out all the juice, deprived of all outer layers. Feature happening at this point in the process could make the star an object in a giant diamond-like body.
Cepheids are a class of very young stars with ages of 10 to 300 million years. They are pulsating stars why changing the brightness makes them ideal kind of galactic lighthouses.
Researchers find them scattered around the milky Way. However, one thing remained unknown to scientists: what is the situation with the Cepheids in the galactic core, not allowing it to go from ultra-dense clusters of interstellar dust? However, the way to look inside yet found.
The study of the nucleus spent in the near-infrared range of the spectrum, and this analysis showed very interesting results. It turns out that this area is a “cosmic wilderness” and completely devoid of any young stars.
Several of the Cepheids have been able to find in the heart of the galaxy. However, outside this region 8,000 light years in all directions of space is a dead space.
Class planet hot Jupiters strange in all respects. They are the size of our gas giant Jupiter, but their orbits are so close to their stars, that in some cases are even closer than mercury from the Sun.
Scientists study these unusual giants of the last 20 years and found to date, about 300 of them. However, all these hot Jupiters, as a rule, are alone. But in 2015, the researchers from the University of Michigan confirmed what previously seemed impossible – hot Jupiter in a pair!
Moreover, a companion for him is not one, but two heavenly bodies! The family has been called WASP-47 and consists of a very hot Jupiter and the two are very different and much more compact bodies. One is naturopathy object, and the second is even more compact and more dense rocky super-Earth.
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