Scientists have found DNA that was not pre-installed and stored in databases of the genomes.
Most unicellular — 98-99 per cent applies to extremophiles, i.e. living in conditions not suitable for life of other organisms. They can live in hydrothermal sources of toxic mine waters and other waters with high salinity, acidity or alkalinity. Such conditions are almost impossible to reproduce in laboratory culture media, so extremophiles are usually unsuitable for in vitro cultivation, that is cultivation in test tubes.
For the analysis of species composition of bacteria and archaea the researchers use methods metagenomic in which they study many fragments of DNA extracted from the environment. Scientists get genetic material from all organisms caught in the sampling. While determining the nucleotide sequence of nucleic acids, and a computer program put together the whole genomes to determine the functions of individual genes and relate them with specific types of microorganisms.
All were analyzed 1500 samples. Scientists have found DNA that was not pre-installed and stored in databases of the genomes. There are 7280 and realnyh 623 bacterial genomes. They belonged to the 20 new types of microorganisms, including bacteria, SHA-109, isolated from baboon faeces and waste palm oil, and the genus of uncultivated archaea Uncultured Archaeal Phylum 2 of the vents.
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