“Eaters of stars”: new discoveries about black holes

Scientists have discovered that black holes are best “catch” for the outskirts of galaxies.

According to a new study conducted by experts from Rochester Institute of technology looking for black holes, it is necessary to observe the outskirts of spiral galaxies like the milky Way. At the end of last year was released information about the discovery of gravitational waves – a kind of “ripples” in “space-time”. Currently, astronomers have found 4 separate signal such that proceeds from the “eaters”, which collide and merge.

The specialists have never observed that such black holes that are the size of at least 20 Suns was in the process. Unfortunately, gravitational wave detectors have their limitations, rendering it difficult to conduct further research or to look for possible
the light sources around “eaters”.

According to previous research, such black holes could have formed only in relatively dim dwarf galaxies. However, to say that it is better to study a large spiral – there are “eaters” is also available in sufficient quantity.

According to lead author of the study to see sukanyā’s Chakrabarti, if calculations are correct, it will be easier to find where the signal went. Galaxy larger, respectively, and are detected faster.

If to determine the exact location or at least a cluster in which these paired black holes, then there is a number of advantages for astrophysics. First, the telescopes, aimed to monitor a specific portion of the sky, as indicated above, will be more likely to capture light signals that are generated when merging “eaters”. The fact that even though the black hole itself is completely dark, the substance that surrounds it (for example, gas-dust disk) capable of emitting other colours.

In the study of such light scientists will be able policitians more information about this event. In addition, scientists want to use gravitational waves to measure the expansion rate of the Universe – the Hubble constant. Currently two ways have already defined these data, however, the numbers turned out so different that there was a great controversy. Maybe if you measure gravitational waves coming from merging black holes on the outskirts of spiral galaxies, it is indeed possible to solve this question.

Sukanyā Chakrabarti compared it to a “Holy Grail”, only cosmology. A black hole can form, particularly in cases when massive stars ends with “fuel”, and the supernova explosion. Most of the substance then loses one point, and formed the “eater.”

Scientists using the laser interferometer gravitational-wave Observatory noted that black holes, which more weight from our Sun is 10-50 times, formed of the stars, the weight of which was as 40-100 Suns. Identified this as a time of space-time “ripples” from 4 mergers “eaters”. It happens that such effects are generated from the collision of two neutron stars.

Appear massive as the sun, and then turning into black holes?

To do this, you first need a “mix” of hydrogen and helium. More heavy elements on the periodic table of Mendeleev, can ease the formation of such objects. The fact is that they contribute to the allocation of more intense radiation than hydrogen. Such radiation with its power capable of repelling gas and other substances, which star can’t accumulate so much matter and increase. In bright areas
large galaxies, respectively, is not possible because there’s a lot of heavy metals. However, almost all of spiral clusters have an external drive, which mainly consists of hydrogen. There the star formation is slower and, consequently, local lights are much dimmer. Called such places “area H1”.

The milky Way is the thickness of this area is about 30 kiloparsec, or about 100 thousand light years across. There are a little smaller, but in all of them, as noted by the Sukanyā Chakrabarti, enough space for a massive star, and, accordingly, black holes then. In
the study also calculated and the rate at which such consumers will face in the field H1.

Scientists came to the conclusion that this happens almost more often than in the dwarf galaxies. The latter are small collections of stars that resemble bright clouds, the bright discs. From previous work, it became clear that dwarf galaxies in General may be formed of a pair of black holes, however, the specific locations of such clusters was not considered.

According to Chakrabarti, it is recommended that Richard O Shaugnessy, one of the authors of such studies, to explore the area, not clusters as a whole. The scientist noticed that in General the location of the “eaters” emerging from massive stars, and is considered quite rare. This is only the third scientific paper on the subject. The question, accordingly, is fairly new, it’s good to explore. Chakrabarti notes that the calculation of his team about how to face the black holes in a different environment, they are not very accurate
because the information is not too much.

Just as mentioned above, recorded four cases of signals of gravitational waves for all time. But all the same we can say for sure what exactly in the areas H1 “eaters” and many, perhaps more than in the dwarf galaxies.

paradox